Anatomy, physiotherapy, medicine and biology contents
The uterus is a hollow, thick-walled muscular organ in the female pelvis that supports menstruation, implantation, and fetal development. Its anatomy includes the fundus, body, isthmus, and cervix, supported by a complex of uterine ligaments and the pelvic floor.
The female urethra is a short muscular tube approximately 3–4 cm long, extending from the internal urethral orifice to the external urethral meatus in the vaginal vestibule. Its close relationship to the anterior vaginal wall and the rhabdosphincter mechanism are critical in urinary continence and gynecological surgery.
The male urethra is approximately 20 cm long and serves both urinary and reproductive functions. It is divided into four parts: intramural, prostatic, membranous (external sphincter), and spongy (penile). The membranous urethra is the narrowest and most vulnerable segment, frequently injured in pelvic trauma.
Aortun, oksijenli kanı kalpten vücudun her bölgesine taşırken izlediği yol ve dalları.
The course and branches of the aorta as it carries oxygenated blood from the heart to every region of the body.
The cardiac conduction system is a network of specialized myocardial cells that generate and propagate electrical impulses to coordinate atrial and ventricular contraction. It includes the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers.
Omuriliğin organizasyonu — gri ve ak madde, spinal sinirler ve vücutla beyni bağlayan çıkan ve inen yollar.
The organization of the spinal cord — gray and white matter, spinal nerves, and the ascending and descending tracts that connect body and brain.
The basal ganglia are a group of subcortical nuclei including the striatum, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, and substantia nigra. They form key circuits modulating motor control, procedural learning, and reward processing. Dysfunction underlies Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and other movement disorders.
Serebral korteksin dört lobu ve hareket, duyu, görme ve üst düzey düşüncedeki özelleşmiş rolleri.
The four lobes of the cerebral cortex and the specialized roles they play in movement, sensation, vision, and higher thought.
Merkezi sinir sistemini saran üç zar ve aralarındaki, klinik tıpta çok önemli olan boşluklar.